Fagus sylvatica

Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Fagales
Family: Fagaceae
Genus: Fagus
Species: Fagus sylvatica L.

The bark of the European Beech or Common Beech (Fagus sylvatica) contains antacid, antipyretic, antiseptic, antitussive, expectorant, odontalgic properties. A tar (or creosote), obtained by dry distillation of the branches, is stimulating and antiseptic. It is used internally as a stimulating expectorant and externally as an application to various skin diseases. The pure creosote has been used to give relief from toothache, but it should not be used without expert guidance.

Asarum europaeum

Order: Piperales
Family: Aristolochiaceae

Asarum europaeum has a long history of herbal use dating back at least to the time of the ancient Greeks, though it is little used in modern herbalism. The root, leaves and stems contain cathartic, diaphoretic, emetic, errhine, sternutatory, stimulant and tonic properties.

Petroselinum crispum

Petroselinum crispum (Parsley) is a bright green biennial herb. It is often used as spice. Parsley is used for its leaf in much the same way as coriander (which is also known as Chinese parsley or cilantro), although parsley has a milder flavor. It is a very important and common medicinal plant.

Parsley can be used as a medieval cure for stomach ailments. Tea may be used as an enema. Parsley tea can help to control high blood pressure and the Cherokees used it as a tonic to strengthen the bladder

It is also often used as an emmenagogue. Parsley also appears to increase diuresis by inhibiting the Na+/K+-ATPase pump in the kidney, thereby enhancing sodium and water excretion while increasing potassium reabsorption. It is also valued as an aquaretic. When crushed and rubbed on the skin, parsley can reduce itching in mosquito bites. When chewed, parsley can freshen bad breath.

Origanum majorana

Origanum majorana (Marjoram) is a somewhat cold-sensitive perennial aromatic herb or undershrub with sweet pine and citrus flavours. Marjoram tea has been used historically for relief from symptoms of hay fever, sinus congestion, indigestion, asthma, stomach pain, headache, dizziness, colds, coughs, and nervous disorders. It is a gently fragrant, calming herb that does have mild antioxidant and anti-fungal properties. Unsweetened tea can also be used as a mouthwash or gargle.

Externally, Marjoram leaves can be ground into a paste (add hot tea or water, and a little oatmeal for consistency purposes, if desired), and used for the pain of rheumatism and for sprains.

Marjoram helps expel and loosen phlegm of the mucous membranes of the nasal and bronchial passages. The warmth accumulated by the herb from the sun helps to clear bad cold. Tea made from marjoram has the ability to stimulate the sweat glands. It helps to moisten taut, dry skin during influenza, if taken in small quantities. It is useful in promoting and regulating menstruation if taken in the form of an infusion. Such an infusion helps in promoting the secretion and flow of milk in nursing mothers. The oil of marjoram is beneficial in skin disorders and it can be applied externally in case of bruises, sprains, stiff and paralytic limbs. It also allays toothache. The herb is beneficial in the treatment of digestive disorders. It expels gas from the stomach. Hot fomentations of the dried leaves and tops applied in bags are helpful in colic. The oil of marjoram can be used beneficially as hot fomentation in acute diarrhea.

Adhatoda

Adhatoda is a common medicinal plant. Two major species are important medicinally viz., Adhatoda vasica (Justicia adhatoda or, Valiya adalodakam) and Adhatoda beddomei (Cheriya adalodakam).

Justicia adhatoda (syn. Adhatoda vasica) is a medicinal plant native to Asia. (Family: Acanthaceae)

Cheriya adalodakam is the medicinally important species mostly seen in Kerala. It is one of the main ingredients of many ayurvedic preparations. Leaves and roots of the plant are medicinal. Leaves contain an alkaloid vasicine, which is effective against cough, chronic bronchitis, asthma etc.

Medicinal uses of Adhatoda, it has the following properties :

Antiasthmatic ,
Antispasmodic (respiratory tract),
Bronchodilator,
Expectorant (relaxing),
Oxytocic, etc.

The leaf extracts of adhatoda is used as an expectorant especially in chronic bronchitis and asthma. It relieves cough and breathlessness. It is also prescribed commonly for local bleeding due to peptic ulcer, piles etc. Its local use gives relief in pyorrhoea and in bleeding gums. The leaves of the plant contain two major alkaloids called vasicine, and vasicinone, which are shown to be having bronchodilator and antihistaminic effects. These alkaloids are said to exist in combination with an acid that has been named adhatodic acid.

Greater burdock

Greater burdock (Arctium lappa), also called Edible burdock, or Lappa Burdock, is a biennial plant of the Arctium (burdock) genus in the Asteraceae family, can be used as a medicinal plant.

This medicinal plant is actually used as a root vegetable.

This plant is used to add a bitter flavour to drinks, as in "dandelion and burdock". The roots can be used as a source of vitamin C which can protect against colds and flu.

Medicinal uses
The dried burdock is a diuretic, diaphoretic, and a blood purifying agent. The seeds of greater burdock are used in traditional Chinese medicine, under the name niupangzi.

Burdock root is a powerful blood purifier. It aids your immunity, eczema, kidney & more.

Hygrophila schulli

Marsh Barbel is a stout aquatic perennial herb, 1-2 m high. The 3 cm long purple-blue flowers are 2-lipped - the upper lip is 2-lobed and the lower one 3-lobed with lengthwise folds. Flowers open in opposite pairs.

Medicinal uses:
It can be extensively used in Ayurvedic system of medicine for various ailments like rheumatism, inflammation, jaundice, hepatic obstruction, pain, etc.